With regard to close relation between evolution theory and religious knowledge, and its prodigious influence on arising new schools in philosophy; this paper firstly considers the outcome of Darwin’s theologian theory in brief; secondly it talks about recent controversies such as: ambiguity of Fitness concept, tautology and the usage of probability calculation in this theory, opposition of the second law of thermodynamics (Entropy), biological information in DNA, irreducible complexity, Fine-tuning of decisive nature constant and Anthropic Principle.

The Qur'an explains two types of economic progress. The Qur'an explains the many material benefits with different interpretations (blessings of heaven and earth, streams and gardens, etc. ) in accordance with the age of its revelation, which have a different nature for the two monotheistic and atheistic societies and the principles of their realization are also contradictory,Monotheistic progress is achieved for a united and believing society, and goodness and blessing is for them,But atheistic progress is made for the atheists and the disobedient, and the punishment is good in appearance. In this progress, God opens all the doors of material blessings on them and afflicts them with economic progress, and these benefits increase more and more day by day, but suddenly, he takes those blessings from them and suffers severe worldly and then hereafter torment. In this research article, we answer the question, what is the relationship between atheistic economic progress and divine traditions from the Qur'an's point of view? And those divine traditions that cause economic progress for atheists are examined. This research uses descriptive-analytical method.

Based on naturalism in the discussion of evolution, human cognitive faculties have been produced through natural selection, genetic mutation and other blind stages of random mutation of genes, and the ultimate goal of these powers is survival and reproduction (adaptation). Therefore, these faculties do not seek to produce correct beliefs, but their main task is to adapt the living organism to the surrounding environment and thus survive. One of the most significant criticisms of atheistic naturalism is the Bayesian evolutionary argument (BEA). The model of BEA against naturalism is taken from Bayes’ theorem. Despite some strengths of BEA in the criticism of naturalism, since BEA does not pay attention to some requirements of Bayes' theorem, it needs reflection and completion: First, this argument does not pay attention to assigning any particular value. Second, the reliability of cognitive faculties sometimes requires suspension. Third, the reliability of beliefs is classified in different types. Fourth, the Bayesian argument ignores other evidence related to the reliability of cognitive faculties. Fifth, the result “probability of the reliability of cognitive faculties is 1” is a false result according to Bayes' verification theory. Sixth, independent evidence may temporarily rescue naturalism and evolution from self-defeating, but self-defeating naturalism can be proven through other arguments, and therefore self-defeating is still valid. This paper has two goals: I. analysis of BEA in rejection of naturalism. II. provide additions and suggestions to completing it.

In The God delusion, in detail, Richard dawkins denies the God who gives order to the natural system; of course, in this book, in brief, he rejects God who hears prayer, does miracle and is aware of everything's and is omnipotent. dawkins’ Discussion on orderer God has three main concepts: natural selection, complexity and a low probability. When he substitutes orderer God with the natural selection, thus dosn’t criticise this popular theory that know divine way of creation as natural selection, but ridicules it and his discussion on complexity of the orderer God, use verbal share paralogism. In addition to, his discussion about to accepting or denying what its truth has a low probability have paradoxes in his book. In this article, in addition to above, I argue that in the books of theologians, the most important Dawkins arguments have been answered long before that he debate them. However, dawkins without criticism of responses and without being aware of it, give unfinished Discuss about God. Also in this paper, I indicate that dawkins’s investigation in the god delusion is biased.

In the modern era of the West, various atheistic approaches have emerged, each reflecting the philosophical perspectives of its time. This article aims to outline the evolution of these diverse approaches and demonstrate the challenges each has posed to theism. Typically, these challenges have allowed theism to refine its perspectives and rebuild its beliefs more logically. The article will then illustrate how theism has developed along this path. I identify this process as a nine-stage journey, each of which will be explained in this article. Ultimately, it will be shown how each of these challenges has become a chapter in the philosophy of religion, and the areas in which philosophical discussions about religion have been shaped will be explored. As a result, the article will present the 13 key themes of the philosophy of religion that have emerged following these challenges.

In 1948 a legendary debate occurred at the Oxford Socratic Club between C. S. Lewis and Elizabeth Anscombe. In this meeting, Lewis shows that atheistic naturalism is refute in meaning the strict materialism. Anscombe makes three basic criticisms against Lewis' argument:1. Lack of distinction between irrational and non-rrational causes of belief,2. The threat of skepticism,3. Lack of distinction between types of “full” explanations. Lewis and Anscombe's views can be considered in several ways: 1. Despite Anscombe's correct critique, the lack of distinction between irrational and non-rational causes does not solve the problem of naturalism which is an inference belief of other beliefs. 2. Anscombe considers that “if naturalism is correct, there is no valid human argument”, is a skeptical threat to knowledge, while this objection does not problem on Lewis' argument. 3. Contrary to Anscombe's claim, the ommisive approach to other explanations is not a consequence of Lewis's Argument, but the main idea of naturalism itself. 4. Lewis's incorrect analysis of mental states is accidental because he considers the origin of these states to be non-physical. 5. Lewis did not explain well what he meant by “did not explain well what he meant by "the impossibility of evolutionary processes in creating creatures with perception and understanding of creatures without understanding”. By an analytical, comparative and critical insightcan eliminate, correct and reconstruct the weaknesses of Anscombe and Lewis' views. 

The ethical actions are important because of the priority of the mission goal and their close relationship with social progress and development. Therefore, the purpose of this research is the identification and social analysis of these types of actions among the verses of revelation and it deals with the effect of ethical actions in the production of social capital in the process of progress based on religious teachings and answers these questions based on the Quranic teachings. What impact do ethical actions (behavior) have on the formation of social progress? How do moral actions generate social capital and influence progress (development)? What coordinates, examples and dimensions does this group of actions have? What are the effects and consequences of this group of actions? Those actions that are desirable and progressive in the development of social interactions have been socially studied, analyzed and searched by using the inductive content analysis method. Honesty, trustworthiness and fulfillment of an obligation, altruism (Arabic: إیثار, self-sacrifice), asking forgiveness or istighfār (Arabic: استغفار ʾistiġfār), and forgiving others, kindness, non-violence, chastity and purity, patience and honesty and benevolent actions combined with social supervision have been discussed, which lead to sincerity, togetherness, coherence and expansion of social interactions and emotional relationships far from hatred and warm and emotional relationships and as a result, it causes the production of social capital and its improvement and will lead to the density of actions focused on purpose and excellence that are necessary for progress.

atheistic existentialism, denying incorporeal world, has studied human being and disagreed human incorporeal spirit. The philosophy dendency, has viewed human being as accidental and temporal and, such being the case, he himself must give meaning to his life. The end of such a futile life is a death change all human attempts for an everlasting life to disappointment. While in Sadra`s philosophy, uhman being has been created as being compound of body and spirit and his essential being lies in his spirit that is everlasting. Human spirit after passing the grades of perfection and becoming of no need to the body leaves it and continues to its eternal life; therefore, death is a beginning for the true life and becoming released from body as well as a hopeful stage and glad tidings to man. In this article, we will examine the role of death as giving meaning to life in terms of the two schools of thought.